Hypertension

DEFINITION
High blood pressure or hypertension is a condition where a person experiences an increase in blood pressure above normal are indicated by the systolic number (top) and the bottom number (diastolic) blood pressure on examination using either blood pressure measuring device in the form of mercury cuff (sphygmomanometer) or any other digital device.

The normal value of a person's blood pressure with height, weight, activity level and health in general normal is 120/80 mmHg. In daily activities, normal blood pressure is stable with a numeric value range. But in general, the rate of blood pressure during sleep decreases and increases in the activity or exercise.

If someone has high blood pressure and did not get the treatment and control on a regular basis (regular), then this may bring the patient into the serious cases can even cause death. High blood pressure is constantly causing a person's heart to work extra hard, eventually this condition results in damage to blood vessels, heart, kidney, brain, and eyes. Hypertension is a common cause of stroke and heart attack (heart attack).

High blood pressure or hypertension is known by two types of classification, including Hypertension Primary and Secondary Hypertension:


Hypertension Primer
Primary hypertension is a condition in which the occurrence of high blood pressure as a result of the impact of lifestyle and environmental factors. Someone whose diets are not controlled and resulted in overweight or even obese, an initial trigger for the disease of high blood pressure. Similarly, someone who is in the environment or conditions of high stress is very likely exposed to high blood pressure disease, including people who are lack of exercise can have high blood pressure.


Secondary Hypertension
Secondary hypertension is a condition where the increase in high blood pressure as a result of a person experiencing / suffering from other diseases such as heart failure, kidney failure, or damage to the body's hormone system. While in pregnant women, blood pressure generally increases as the pregnancy was 20 weeks. Especially in women whose weight is above normal or obese.

Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension (PIH), this is the designation in terms of health (medical) for pregnant women who suffer from hypertension. Conditions of hypertension in pregnant women can currently tergolang or severe / dangerous. A pregnant woman with high blood pressure may experience days of pregnancy was preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is a condition of a pregnant woman who have hypertension, so feel complaints such as dizziness, headache, visual disturbances, abdominal pain, facial swelling, decreased appetite, nausea and even vomiting. In the event of spasms as the impact of hypertension is called Eclamsia.


CAUSE
Use of drugs such as corticosteroids group (cortison) and some hormonal medications, including some anti-inflammatory drugs (anti-inflammasi) continuously (often) can increase a person's blood pressure. Smoking is also one factor contributing to the increase in high blood pressure due to tobacco that contains nicotine. Drinks that contain alcohol are also included among the factors that can cause high blood pressure.


TREATMENT
Diet for High Blood Diseases (Hypertension)

    The content of salt (Sodium / Sodium)
    A person who is suffering from disease self-control high blood pressure should consume salt-pickled in salt, there are a few tips that can be done for the control of dietary sodium / sodium;
    - Do not put salt on the dining table
    - Select the number of low sodium content when buying food
    - Limit consumption of meats and cheeses
    - Avoid salty snacks
    - Reduce the use of a sauce generally contains sodium.
    Content of Potassium / Potassium
    Potassium supplements 2-4 grams / day may help decrease blood pressure. Potassium is generally much found in some fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables that contain potassium and good to eat with high blood pressure, among others, watermelon, avocado, melon, fruit of bitter melon, squash, bligo, machetes pumpkin / squash, cucumber, aloe vera, celery, onion, and garlic. In addition, foods containing omega-3 element is known to be effective in helping to decrease blood pressure (hypertension).

Treatment of hypertension is usually combined with some drugs;
- {Diuretic Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets (HCT), Lasix (Furosemide)}. Hypertensive drug classes is with the body via urine discharge. But since potassium likely wasted in the urine, then controlling the consumption of potassium should be done.
- Beta-blockers atenolol {(Tenorim), Capoten (Captopril)}. Is a drug used in an effort to control blood pressure through a process of slowing the heart and widen (vasodilation) of blood vessels.
- Calcium channel blockers {Norvasc (amlopidine), Angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE)}. Is one of the drugs commonly used in controlling high blood pressure or hypertension through a process of relaxation of blood vessels which also widens the blood vessels.

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